Electrostatic combination

1. Content

Exhibition items use high-voltage static electricity generated by a static electricity generating device as a power source to drive the operation of static ping-pong combinations, static ball combinations, and static wheel combinations, showcasing static electricity phenomena and related knowledge.

Static table tennis: The main body consists of two metal rackets and one metal table tennis ball. The audience clicks the button to turn on the power. After the disc senses an electric charge, the racket carries positive and negative charges respectively. Due to the charged body, the characteristics of repulsion between the same sex and attraction between the opposite sex form the back and forth movement of the table tennis ball.

Electrostatic ball: The main body consists of several lightweight metal balls. Install a ring of metal strip as a grounding electrode along the junction between the pressure equalization cover and the disc. The audience turns the handwheel to generate electricity, and when the disc senses the charge, they can see the ball moving irregularly on the disc. When the ball approaches the collision, a discharge phenomenon occurs.

Static electric wheel: The main body is a wheel wrapped around a rotating body. The audience clicks the button to turn on the power. After the disc senses the charge, the charge at the tip of the conductor at the top of the wheel is dense and of the same sex, which generates a reverse thrust and drives the wheel to start rotating.

2. Principle

Static electricity is a type of electric charge that is in a static state or does not flow (the flowing charge forms an electric current). When charges accumulate on an object or surface, static electricity is formed, and charges are divided into positive and negative charges, which means that static electricity phenomena are also divided into two types: positive static electricity and negative static electricity. When positive charges accumulate on an object, positive static electricity is formed, and when negative charges accumulate on an object, negative static electricity is formed. However, whether it is positive static electricity or negative static electricity, charge transfer occurs when an object with static electricity comes into contact with a zero potential object (grounded object) or an object with a potential difference from it, which is the spark discharge phenomenon we see in daily life. For example, in winter in the north, the weather is dry and the human body is prone to static electricity, which can cause discharge when in contact with others or metal conductors. People may experience a needle like sensation of electric shock, and sparks can be seen at night, which is the reason why chemical fiber clothing rubs against the human body and carries positive static electricity. (With basic knowledge of physics, we know that rubber rods rub against fur, with the rubber rod carrying a negative charge and the fur carrying a positive charge.).

The phenomenon of static electricity includes many natural examples, such as the attraction between plastic bags and hands, seemingly spontaneous barn explosions, damage to electronic components during manufacturing, the operating principle of photocopiers, and so on. When the surface of an object comes into contact with other surfaces, charges accumulate on the surface of the object and become static electricity. Although charge exchange occurs due to the contact and separation of two surfaces, the effect of charge exchange will only be noticed when the resistance of one surface is high and the current becomes very small. Because the charge will be trapped on that surface and spend a long time there, enough time for this effect to be observed.

3. Purpose

Exhibition items use high-voltage static electricity generated by a static electricity generating device as a power source to drive the operation of static ping-pong combinations, static ball combinations, and static wheel combinations, showcasing static electricity phenomena and related knowledge.